All states have their own premiumlegislation. Russia with its centuries-old history deserves special mention in the sphere of encouraging citizens of the country. This is expressed in recognizing the merit of a person, understanding the benefits brought to society. Each award contributes to further stimulating the processes of forming new directions in improving the life of the state.
In 1992, the Government of the Russian Federationissued a decree that contained a list of orders and medals to reward worthy candidates for their great successes. The developers tried to preserve the age-old values in drawing up awards, take into account the traditions of the award system of the Russian Empire and the RSFSR. After two years, the president was instructed to change and supplement this list, where the main award of the country was the Order of Merit for the Fatherland.
After the division of the USSR and the approval of the newThe Constitution before the government of the Russian Federation raised the issue of improving the award system, which would reflect the centuries-old history of the state and corresponded to the ideas of modern society.
According to the decree of the Head of State of 02.03.1994, No. 442, the Order "For Services to the Fatherland" became the highest award of the Russian Federation. This decree also includes the distribution of preferential terms for persons who are in accord with such high encouragement.
Award list of citizens:
The Order "For Services to the Fatherland" hashistorical roots since the XVIII century. This relationship is visible, if you pay attention to the motto, which is on the award: "Good, Honor and Glory." This dictum, the Empress Catherine in 1782, introduced the Order of St. Vladimir, which she herself established.
The award system continued to change. In this regard, on September 7, 2010, the President of the Russian Federation issued a decree for No. 1099, which was intended to improve the award system. The document consisted of many provisions on state awards. They included the rules for obtaining, storing, inheriting, and the proper system for placing orders and medals. The Order "For Services to the Fatherland" also received changes and additions to the charter and description.
Today, in connection with the editing of the charter,The reward exists in four degrees. The first belongs to the highest. As a rule, in the beginning, the worthy are awarded with the fourth degree. However, before the recipient is awarded the Order, he must be awarded a medal "For Services to the Fatherland".
Exceptions to the rules are:
And:
The President of the Russian Federation may proposerewarding an order of a person who previously had no state awards. Each award has differences in appearance. The ceremony of awarding an order and a medal takes place twice a year: during the celebration of the Constitution Day and the Independence Day of Russia. Distinguished during military operations, military personnel are awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, with an additional element of symbolism - two crossed swords.
The author of the design decision of the Order was an artistEugene Ukhnalev. The main material is silver, covered with gold. The front side is made in the form of a straight cross, enameled with a purple color with gilded edges and a two-headed crowned eagle in the center. To reward the military, there are additional differences - two crossed swords. On the reverse side of the order, the saying "Benefit, honor and glory" is written.
The star "For Services to the Fatherland" is made ofpure silver with eight beams and a medallion, which contains an image of the emblem of the Russian state. On its edges the same saying is written, as on the order. The star is attached to the clothes with a pin.
An interesting fact is that the saying"The use of honor and glory" was written without a comma since the time of Empress Catherine, but the punctuation mistake was not corrected, but left as recognition of the symbols of the imperial palace.
All awards of the country in the form of medals and ordersprovide for proper wearing in accordance with established standards. The basis of the order of wearing awards was the method that was present in Imperial Russia - on a special tape.
A high award represents different characteristics of the types of tapes. These include:
Order, according to established standards, should be placed above other available awards on the left side. For permanent wearing, there is a miniature copy of this award, only 16 mm in size.
There is a clear subordination of state awards for a special contribution to the life of the country.
Order of the 1st and 2nd degree suggest wearing a starand the sign, the third and fourth degree - only the Order. The sequence of rewarding is from the fourth degree to the first. A person who has a first-degree medal and has manifested himself again, is awarded the Order of the fourth degree.
State awards are not limited to the Order"For services to the Fatherland." Their number is due to the outstanding merits of citizens before the Motherland. A special place in the list of awards is the Order "For Military Merit". This award is given to the military, ensuring the security of the state, as well as rewarding it for selfless performance of duty, courage and courage. The order is awarded only to military officers.
The Order "For Military Merit" provides rewarding for the achievements of combat success, excellent combat readiness of various kinds of troops.
The award includes the Order of Merit of the 3rd degree. They are awarded to persons who have made a useful contribution to various spheres of the life of the state.
The Order "For Labor Merit" has five titles. These include:
State awards of the RF are the main indicator of the people's achievements in the development and improvement of their native country.
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