As you know, the engine is the heart of the car. Many things depend on its serviceability. An important factor determining its state is compression in the engine cylinders. This parameter is different on diesel and gasoline vehicles. What is engine compression, how to measure it and what are the normal parameters? You will learn all this from our today's article.
So, what is compression in the engine cylinders? This is a parameter that indicates the pressure that is created in the cylinders at the end of the compression stroke. The technical condition of the engine depends on the value of this figure.
If we talk about gasoline engines, then thisthe parameter averages from 11 to 12 kilograms per square centimeter. Such compression on most cars of the brand "Daewoo", "Ford", "Kia", "Toyota" and others. The highest - in the "Mazda" of the sixth series. So, the manufacturer allocates a standard of 16 kilograms per square centimeter. But there are also engines, where the norm is 7-7.5. As a rule, these are old, deformed motors with a low compression ratio. A good example is the ZIL-130 engine or GAZ-3307. The compression ratio in the cylinders of these trucks is 7 kilograms per centimeter square. This is done with the aim of moving the engine to a lower-octane gasoline. As practice shows, such engines easily "digest" the 76th and 72nd gasoline, even the most dubious origin.
It should be noted that the compression in the cylindersengine should be not only high, but even. If in one cylinder this figure is 12.8 kgf, and in the other - 10, this is not good. The manufacturer allows a take-off run of not more than one kilogram per square centimeter. A strong drop can signal a malfunction. As for diesel engines, here the error can be 3 atmospheres, but no more.
The most important conditions for checking the compression in the engine cylinders are the warmed-up motor and the open throttle. Measurement is performed with unscrewed candles and a working battery.
It is this device that measures this parameter. There are many models of compressometers, but they differ only in their design. So, this device consists of a tip (it is installed in a candle hole), a manometer and a check valve. Elements are connected together by a thick hose or metal tube.
So, first warm up the engine to the workerstemperatures. Then we muffle it, open the hood and unscrew the candles. Next, install the tip of the compressor in the hole (screw into the thread or just press it) and call the assistant. It will be on your team to spin a starter. Rotate it for about two to three seconds. It is no longer necessary - the compression will not be higher, but the battery will be discharged substantially. Then we fix the readings of the manometer and write them down in a notebook. Then go to the second cylinder. The procedure is repeated in a similar way. You do not need to screw the candle onto the cylinder - only after the end of all measuring procedures (otherwise the motor will start and will touch).
We have previously considered the measurement procedurecompression in the petrol engine cylinders. But in diesel spark plugs there is no - the mixture ignites from compression. How on such motors to measure compression? It's simple. First you need to prepare a specialized compressometer with a scale of up to 60 atmospheres. It should go with an adapter in the form of an injector. Then turn off the fuel supply. To do this, de-energize the solenoid valve. It is worth noting that the compression measurement in the cylinders of a diesel engine can be made only with one jet removed.
If this parameter is significantly different from the factory one in the lower side, this is a very bad sign. Perhaps, the engine will require major repairs. And the causes of low compression may be:
Is it possible to delay this problem? In order not to experience problems with low compression, just change the oil, filters and candles in time (if you have a gasoline engine). This is the only way to prolong the life of your engine.
So, we found out what compression incylinders of the engine and for what reasons it can vary. If this parameter is below the factory one, it is necessary to take immediate measures to repair the engine. The exact reason can be established already by the minder. But usually these are rings or burnt out valves.
</ p>