The geodetic control is aan ordered system of measurements and calculations, allowing to check the correctness of key geometric parameters in the construction process. The main purpose of these measures is to ensure all the necessary tolerances and standards specified in the project documentation.
The object of control may be not onlybuildings, but also engineering facilities or communications. This means that the verification procedure is designed to ensure the proper quality of all construction and installation works. Geodetic control is performed during construction activities and implies compliance with such parameters:
The above characteristics are monitoredmethod of calculating the axes of buildings and structures with respect to special centering boundaries. For this purpose, the engineering service carries out placement of special marks and benchmarks on the monitored object. Then the distance between them is measured by high-precision instruments. The received values are marked in the logs, the information of which then forms the basis of the reports. The documentation obtained by this method allows to prevent possible errors in the construction of buildings.
When performing geodetic workequipment of narrow directivity, high-precision measuring instruments and specialized methods of calculation. Such measures allow to accurately control the condition of all building structures and parts.
By type of work, geodetic controlcan be divided into 2 types: continuous and local. The first method involves daily monitoring of the necessary geometric parameters of the building, and the constant presence of specialists on the object under study. This option perfectly shows itself on large-scale objects, such as stadiums and large shopping complexes, when the volume of ongoing work requires permanent observation.
Local geodetic control of structuresmeans measuring the current parameters of the desired objects on the site. Such an option would be appropriate for an insignificant amount of construction work, since it allows to provide the necessary quality of measurements without attracting extra funds.
Geodetic control in construction assumes the following features:
High-altitude objects during geodetic surveycontrol are a separate category. Errors made in the construction of such structures can lead to serious consequences. Deformations of buildings can be caused by design failures, natural influences and ground state influence. Work to monitor deformation processes is an important part of the overall security system used in the design.
The organization of geodetic control is conductedin such a way that already at the stage of designing a high-rise building, there is control over the work performed. In the process of construction, engineers of the geodetic service ensure compliance with design documentation. Intervention of specialists is also required in the course of capital repairs of the structure, as well as the work to strengthen the foundation. The control technique in this case is based not only on technical, but also on geological features of the site.
Geodetic work in the construction of high-risestructures are carried out exclusively by organizations with special permits. Specialists of such companies should be specially certified for the implementation of relevant activities. It should also be borne in mind that a high-altitude structure usually requires an individual system of geodetic monitoring.
In the construction of buildings and structures issuequality is given increased attention. All operations performed in violation of standards are necessarily subject to alteration. The first stage of quality control is the entrance control. Such a check passes all the materials that come to the construction site. The control shows the compliance of purchases with the requirements of technical documentation, and the availability of the necessary certificates. Also, incoming inspection detects defects received during transportation.
The second stage of the audit is called operationalcontrol. Its purpose is to find and eliminate inconsistencies in the course of the construction process. First of all, the compliance of the quality of work with the existing project and instructions is determined. Such testing is subjected to the whole process of work, up to the unloading and storage of materials.
An important role in the process of checking geometricgeodetic quality control. The process consists of checking the plan's initial data, monitoring the position during the installation, and analyzing the characteristics of the finished structure. In the course of construction, the bearing and enclosing elements of structures are also inspected. Data collection using geodetic instruments is carried out only for those parts of buildings whose geometry accuracy affects the correct installation of other structures.
The acceptance process for the finished building is based on the approved project of works. Before delivery it is necessary to prepare the following documentation:
Approximately half of the accidents and problems withThe operation of buildings is caused by disruptions in the construction process. Most of these defects are not immediately apparent, but in the process of exploitation. The primary task of geodetic control of buildings is the timely detection and prevention of defects in the construction process.
</ p>
