Rodina S.A. Yesenin (1895-1925) - the village of Konstantinovo Ryazan region. His biography is bright, stormy, sad and, alas, very short. Even during his lifetime, the poet became popular and evoked genuine interest from contemporaries.
Yesenin's talent was largely manifested thanks to his beloved grandmother, who actually brought him up.
The poet's mother married the peasant AlexanderYesenin was not of her own free will and, unable to withstand her life with her unloved husband, returned with his three-year-old Sergei to his parents. She herself soon went to work in Ryazan, leaving her son in the care of her mother and father.
About his childhood and creativity, he later wrote,that poems began to compose thanks to the grandmother, who told him tales, and he remade them in his own way, imitating ditty. Probably, the grandmother was able to convey to Sergei the charm of the people's speech, which permeates the work of Yesenin.
In 1904 Yesenin was sent to study in a four-year school, which
Yesenin's work was felt during a friendly gathering, when the children read poetry, among which Eseninsky was especially distinguished. However, this did not cause him respect from the guys.
In the years 1915-1916. poetry of the young poet is increasingly published next to the works of the most famous poets of the time. Yesenin's work is now becoming well-known.
During this period, Sergei Aleksandrovich approachespoet Nikolai Klyuev, whose poems are consonant with his own. However, Esenin's works show a dislike of Klyuev's poems, so they can not be called friends.
In the summer of 1916, while serving in the Tsarskoye Selo hospital, he reads verses in the infirmary to wounded soldiers. At the same time the empress was present. This speech provokes indignation among the writers of Petersburg, who are hostile to the tsarist authorities.
The Revolution of 1917, it seemed to Yesenin, was hoping for a change for the better, and not disorder and devastation. It was in anticipation of this event that the poet changed a lot. He became more courageous, serious. However, it turned out that patriarchal Russia was closer to the poet than the severe post-revolutionary reality.
Isadora Duncan, a famous dancer, has cometo Moscow in the autumn of 1921. She met Yesenin, and very soon they were married. In the spring of 1922 the couple went on a trip to Europe and the USA. First Yesenin is delighted with everything overseas, but then he begins to mope in the "most terrible kingdom of philistinism", he lacks spirituality.
In August 1923, his marriage to Duncan disintegrated.
The native land of the poet, as already mentioned at the beginning of the article, is the village of Konstantinovo. His work absorbed the world of bright colors of nature in middle Russia.
The theme of the homeland in Esenin's works of the early periodis closely connected with the views of landscapes of the Central Russian strip: boundless fields, golden groves, picturesque lakes. The poet loves peasant Russia, which finds expression in his lyrics. The heroes of his poems are: a child begging for alms, plowmen who go to the front, a girl waiting for a loved one from the war. Such was the life of people in those days. The October Revolution, which, as the poet thought, would be a stage on the way to a new beautiful life, led to disappointment and misunderstanding, "where the fate of events draws us."
Each line of poems of the poet is filled with love for the native land. Homeland in the works of Yesenin, as he himself admits, is the leading topic.
Certainly, the poet managed to declare himself from the veryearly writings, but his original handwriting is particularly evident in the poem "You, my dear Rus'." Here you can feel the nature of the poet: scope, mischief, sometimes turning into hooliganism, boundless love for native lands. The very first Yesenin verses about the homeland are filled with bright colors, smells, sounds. Perhaps it was simplicity and clarity for most people that made him so famous even during his lifetime. About a year before his death Yesenin will write full disappointments and bitter poems in which he will tell about his experiences for the fate of his native land: "But most of all / I was tormented by my love for my native land / tormented and burned."
The life and work of Esenin fall on the periodgreat changes in Russia. The poet is on his way from Russia, engulfed by the world war, to a country completely changed by revolutions. The events of 1917 instilled hope in Yesenin for a bright future, but soon he realized that the promised Utopian paradise was impossible. While abroad, the poet remembers his country, closely follows all the events taking place. In his poems are reflected the experience for the fate of people, attitude to change: "The mysterious world, my ancient world, / You, like the wind, calmed down and sat down. / Here they squeezed the village behind the neck / Stone hands of the highway."
The work of Sergei Yesenin is permeated with anxiety for the fate of the village. He knows about the hardships of rural life, many poems of the poet testify to this, in particular, "You are my deserted land."
However, most of the poet's work stilloccupies a description of rural beauty, village festivities. Life in the outback mostly looks in his verses bright, joyful, beautiful: "Dawns are blazing, fogs are smoking, / A curtain is crimson above the carved window." In Esenin's work, nature, like man, is endowed with the ability to grieve, rejoice, and cry: "The girls were devoured, they ate ...", "... the birches in white weep in the woods ..." Nature lives in his poems. She experiences feelings, talks. However, no matter how beautiful and imaginative Esenin sang of rustic Rus, his love for his homeland is undoubtedly deeper. He was proud of his country and the fact that he was born in such a difficult time for her. This theme is reflected in the poem "Soviet Russia".
Life and creativity of Yesenin are full of love for the Motherland, anxiety for it, hopes and pride.
The poet died from December 27 to December 28, 1925, and the circumstances of his death until the end has not been clarified.
I must say that not all contemporariesYesenin's poems were considered beautiful. For example, K.I. Chukovsky even before his death wrote in his diary that the "graphomaniac talent" of the village poet would soon run out.
The posthumous fate of the poet was determined by "Evil Notes"(1927) N.I. Bukharin, in which, noting Esenin's talent, he wrote that it was still "a disgusting filth, abundantly drenched in drunken tears." After such an assessment, Yesenin was published very little before the thaw. Many of his works were distributed in manuscript versions.
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