All systems in biology consist of separate parts that are in constant interaction with each other. Together they constitute a holistic structural and functional unity. Discreteness in biology is one of the properties of a living organism that manifests itself at all levels of living matter, where separate elements function as a single whole.
Translated from Latin (discretus) from"Discrete" means "divided". All systems in biology include more or less isolated components, which nevertheless are in close interconnection and constant interaction among themselves. Discreteness in biology is the basis for the orderliness of all structures. All representatives of wildlife are more or less separated from one another, beginning with a single cell and ending with whole biosystems.
What is discreteness in biology? LAny organism consists of separate cells that have their own characteristics, and various intracellular formations are also discretely organized in the cells. Discreteness in biology - this is nthe variability of the structure of the biosystem. This important property enables regularself-renewal in various ways, including by replacing the lost elements of the structure without stopping the entire system as a whole.
Such properties of living organisms as discreteness and integrity are opposite and at the same time complementary concepts, two sides of the same coin. Discreteness in biology is what? Integrity refers to the structural and functional unity of biosystems, the isolated components of which represent a single whole. The world of living nature is integral and discrete at the same time. And with these properties are associated different levels of organization of organic.
Discreteness in biology is The property of living organisms, which is expressed in orderliness. Every living organism can be called discrete, since it consists of units that have their own levels of organization: organs from tissues, tissues from cells and so on. If you look at the other side, then the organism itself is an integral part of various biological microsystems (species, population, biocenosis and so on). Biosystems are considered in accordance with their organization. They are graded in complexity levels and are usually included in each other. Allocate the following levels of relative organization of the organic world:
According to the Morgan-Efrussie law, the division into genes,chromosomes, molecules, proteins, as well as individual reflexes of nervous activity express the discontinuity of biological information. And its integrity is not reduced to a simple addition of all components, since the information definition, development and functioning of a living organism are complex and multistage processes that are carried out on the genetic, genomic and supragene levels. What is discreteness as a common property of living things in biology? At the genetic and molecular levels, the study of this issue became possible due to the advancement of the chromosome theory of heredity and clarification of the nature of DNA.
Discreteness is the basis for structural ordering. In addition, there is the possibility of replacing individual parts without interrupting the functionality of the whole organism. Thus, the process of evolution in a global sense becomes possible by the extinction of unadapted individuals and the continuation of the conservation of organisms with the necessary characteristics in certain conditions. Describing examples of discreteness in biology, it is worth mentioning that this property is manifested at all levels of living matter. PIn the burn, the affected cells are rejected, while the rest of the epithelium does not stop functioning.
Answering the question, What is discreteness in biology, it is important to understand that this concept It is also applicable in physics, chemistry, mathematics, anda number of other sciences. If we are talking about elements of living nature, this property means the division of all biological systems into separate isolated and simultaneously interrelated elements that form a certain unity at the structural and functional levels. FROMaggregate biogeocoenosis, connected by means of a cycle of substances and energy, forms an integral system on the Earth's surface, called the biosphere.
In such a science as chemistry, discretenessis represented in the form of division of matter into the smallest components - molecules and atoms. Physics considers this concept at a more advanced level - the level of elementary particles. On discontinuity, quantum mechanics (electrons in atoms) is also based. The huge universe includes an infinite number of galaxies, stars, planets and so on, and this is an area of astrophysics where it also has its own discreteness. In biology, this division into cells, organs, species, populations, and so on, in mathematics - countable sets, where the concept of discontinuity takes no place in the theory of probability, number theory, and so on.
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