The history of Russian literature of the 20th century begins in1881 year. The transition period between the centuries is considered to be its "silver age" (during the continuation of Pushkin's "golden age"). The reforms of the early 20th century, the clash of different cultures and life styles, could not but affect the mood of the creative intelligentsia. Many authors are no longer satisfied with the description and analysis of social problems, most writers begin to think about the eternal questions of life and death, the existence of good and evil. A significant influence on the culture of these times was rendered by religion, the religious theme becomes one of the fundamental themes of the works of many writers. Russian literature of the 20th century develops under new historical conditions, which can not but affect it. The creative intelligentsia of this time understands that the coming changes in the life of the country, and hence in their life, are inevitable. Some wait for them with joy and hope, others with trepidation and horror, which is passed on to the reader at the time of reading their works.
The Revolution of 1917 divides the whole literature of Russiathose years into two camps: "proletarian" literature and the work of Russian emigrants. A bright representative of the latter is Vladimir Nabokov, in most of his works there is a clear trace of homesickness.
Russian literature of the 20th century gave our country andthe world as a whole a large number of geniuses of the word. This applies primarily to poetry. The poets of the Silver Age include Nikolai Gumilev, Maximilian Voloshin, Anna Akhmatova, Sergei Yesenin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Alexander Block, etc. The first representatives of Soviet literature include Yesenin and Mayakovsky. The founder of the so-called anti-Soviet literature is Alexander Blok, who wrote the "Twelve" poem in those years.
Russian literature of the 20th century is represented by threethe main directions: realism, literary avant-garde and modernism, each of which is divided into several areas. Thus, modernism laid the foundation for the development of acmeism and symbolism. Bright representatives of the latter were: Valery Bryusov, Konstantin Balmont, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Andrei Bely, Alexander Blok. The founders of Russian literary acmeism are Anna Akhmatova, Osip Mandelstam, Nikolai Gumilev.
One of the most interesting areasliterary art of the first decades of the 20th century is the revival of half-forgotten romantic forms. The work of Alexander Green strikes the imagination with an endless flight of fantasy and dreaminess. The works of the revolutionary workers' poets are written in the vein of a special, new romanticism of the proletariat. Poets Nechaev, Privalov, Tarasov in their fables, appeals and marches poetic heroic deed, adding in them bright colors describing the glow, fires, sunset, crimson dawn.
Since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, manySoviet writers were on the battlefield. The works of this period of time were written in a sparkling language, their main idea was the struggle against fascism. It is worth noting the patriotic poems of Akhmatova, Tvardovsky, Tikhonov. During the war, writers are increasingly turning to the most operative genre of literature: essays, stories, reports and pamphlets.
Russian literature of the second half of the 20th centuryis represented at once by several genres, the formation of which was greatly influenced by: Stalinism, the "thaw", stagnation, perestroika. The literature of Russia has experienced on its way a huge number of difficulties, at times experiencing the custody of the state, from time to time almost completely under its prohibition. Today, Russian literature of the 20th century is recognized all over the world, the works of Soviet authors are read far abroad, they are shot by feature films, put on plays in theaters. A man who has never read the works of Solzhenitsyn, Sholokhov, Bulgakov in his life has truly lost a lot ...
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