There are many dangerous animals on our planet. Predators from the family of felines, with their own kind, warn that jokes with them are bad. The white shark leaves no doubt about her intentions. Many know that one of the most poisonous snakes on earth - rattlesnake - is capable of killing seventy-five people out of a hundred bitten by it. But in the world there are also more dangerous creatures. They have a terrible poison, which is stronger than the poison of a dangerous snake fifteen times. This is a fairly modest in size spider karakurt.
To arthropods people have a different attitude - someonethey are afraid, someone they cause a feeling of disgust, but few people think that meeting with such a small creature can result in a fatal outcome.
The name of this creature comes from two words: "Kara", which is translated into Russian as "black", and "kurt", which means "worm". And his Latin name - Latrodectus tredecimguttatus - fully conveys the external signs of the hero of our narrative: thirteen spots or dots located on the upper side of the abdomen.
The spider is also called a black widow. Firstly, because it is in this color that his belly, head and legs are colored. Widow - because the female, whose size significantly exceeds the analogous parameters of the male (10-20 mm, and the male 4-7 mm), eats up her chosen one immediately after the marriage ceremony.
Outwardly this spider seems, if not cute,then at least not disgusting - he has neither hair nor fluff, like many of his relatives (for example, a tarantula). Nevertheless, the bite of the spider of the karakurt is extremely dangerous, and if a person does not provide first aid, he may die.
This spider has a belly-like abdomen andcephalothorax. Between them they are connected by the seventh segment (like our vertebra) of the cephalothorax. From the abdomen diverge limbs: four pairs of legs and two pairs of jaws.
The abdomen is a symbiosis of telson (anallobes) and eleven segments. The female has chelicera (upper jaw), which ends with hooks. And on the other side of the jaws are the poisonous glands. The most dangerous is the female.
On the back of the spider, reddish-orangepoints with a white rim. They can have any shape. It is for them and you can determine that you are watching karakurt. Growing up, the spider (male) does not lose color - the points remain. And the female is noticeably transformed: sometimes instead of spots it has yellow stripes on the abdomen.
Spider caracurt, whose bite is deadly, inour country mainly lives in the Crimea, in the southern regions of the country. In addition, it can be found in southern Ukraine, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, the Mediterranean, southern Europe, Central Asia and North Africa, as well as in the Astrakhan steppes.
In recent years, the population has migrated, which,probably, is associated with global warming, and today these dangerous creatures already occur even in the suburbs, the Altai Territory, several regions of Russia - Volgograd, Novosibirsk, Rostov.
Nests build these spiders in secluded places:
They prefer karakurts of the steppe and arable lands, choosing themselves plots of aryks, ditches, solonchaks, ravines, in wastelands. They avoid open spaces.
We have already said that if you have been exposedattack this creature, the consequences can be very serious. The skin of a person can not be bitten by a spider of karakurt. A bite, fraught with serious consequences (up to a lethal outcome), is the "handiwork" of the female. Strictly speaking, males do not even have poison glands.
Helicers of the female are so strong and sharp that they pierce not only the skin, but also the nails. Particular danger is posed by these individuals during the mating season (July-end of August).
To help a person in time, it is necessaryto know what a bite of a karakurt looks like. Unfortunately, we must admit that in the first few minutes it is visually almost invisible - it reminds us of a small abrasion. According to the sensations, the injury is more like a mosquito bite, which results in a tiny speck of bright red color, which begins to disappear before your eyes. This and the crooked bite of karakurt - the symptoms begin to appear only after two or three hours. At the first signs, the victim needs urgent medical help. Better yet, if the necessary measures are taken immediately after the attack of the poisonous creature.
Some victims say that alreadythirty minutes (although usually later) they felt an aching all over the body (like at very high temperatures). The lower back begins to hurt, the upper and lower press, the pain grows, becoming unbearable.
After a while, the strength decreases sharply, anda weakness is poured onto a person. The first to weaken legs, after them - hands, and then the whole body. The victim pale, his tears flow, nausea, and his heart breaks out of his chest. If you do not help, there is a clouding of consciousness. A person ceases to evaluate the situation, to recognize others, he develops depression and fear. In the affected area, skin temperature rises, muscles become painful. There may be acute pain in the abdomen (as with appendicitis).
Symptoms after the treatment begin to subside withinthree days, but paresthesia, residual convulsions, weakness and anxiety can persist for several weeks and even months. To avoid death, the victim must be given an antidote - serum. You can do this only in a hospital or other medical facility (polyclinic, medical center). But what to do with a bite of karakurt, if you are away from the city? After all, doctors warn that in the first ten to a maximum of twenty minutes the victim must be helped.
Undoubtedly, the qualified help of physicians at a bite of the spider will help to avoid serious complications and accelerate recovery of the patient. First aid with a bite of a karakurt involves the following actions:
Medical workers should be informed thatpatient attacked karakurt. A bite can cause an anaphylactic shock, which will require immediate action. The patient will then be given intravenous serum, previously making skin tests.
Going to nature, you need to know thatkarakurt is not the first to attack, but if you do not notice it, step on it or on its nest - troubles can not be avoided. In this situation only competent and coordinated actions of your fellow travelers will help to avoid tragedy.
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