We are used to the fact that the seasons are changing. Winter is replaced by spring after summer, and then there is autumn ... For us this is a common phenomenon.
In the winter we freeze from the cold. And in summer it's hot for us. We are lustily waiting for the arrival of heat. However, the transition period, when the temperature becomes the most comfortable for us, usually lasts not very long. And it's a hot, dry summer. There is a fairly sharp change in the temperature regime.
As a rule, we are busy with our daily affairs and do not think about why this happens. Why is it cold in winter and hot in summer? What influences this season change?
All of us from school years know that our Earth revolves around the Sun and around its own axis. Naturally, during the motion the planet then approaches the Sun, then on the contrary - it moves away from it.
We have developed a stereotype that winter comeswhen the Earth is at the maximum distance from the source of heat and light. But it is not so. After all, there is another important factor - the axis of the tilt of the Earth.
It passes through the North and South Pole. It turns out that when the angle of inclination distances the northern hemisphere from the light, the day becomes short, the rays of the sun seem to glide along the tangent and not so warm up the surface. As a result, winter comes to us.
But in the summer, everything is quite the opposite. As soon as the northern part of the Earth is at the closest distance from the Sun, it receives a huge number of rays, the light day increases, the air temperature increases very rapidly, summer comes.
In the summer, the rays of the sun fall on the earththe surface is almost perpendicular. And because the energy is more concentrated and heats up the soil very quickly. Because it's hot in summer, lots of sun. In the winter, sun rays seem to glide over the surface, they can not heat up soil or water. The air remains cold.
It turns out that in the summer the flow of energy fallingon the earth's surface is much stronger and larger, and in winter it becomes smaller and weaker ... This is the reason for the temperature indexes. In addition, we know that in summer the length of daylight hours is much longer than in winter. So, the sun has a long time to warm the surface of the Earth.
If the summer is in the northern hemisphere, thensouthern, respectively, winter, because it is at this time is far from the Sun. The same thing happens in the second half of the year: in the southern hemisphere it becomes much warmer and even hot, and on the north comes winter.
Meanwhile, in different belts of the Earth completelydifferent climatic conditions. This is due to the proximity or remoteness from the equator. The closer to it, the hotter the climate, and vice versa, the farther away from it, the colder the climatic conditions.
In addition, the weather affects many factors. This is the proximity to the sea, and the height relative to the level of the World Ocean. After all, the mountains are cool enough even in summer, and on the tops even in the heat there is snow.
Of course, the equator is an imaginary line,passing through the center of the Earth. But it is closest to the Sun, regardless of the inclination of the axis of our planet. It is for this reason that the regions near the equator are constantly exhausted from excess energy. The temperature does not fall below twenty-four degrees. There is not only a hot summer. There is no winter in our understanding at all. The sun's rays fall to the surface near the equator almost at right angles, which gives the earth's surface in this region the maximum amount of light and heat.
Summer weather always pleases us with warmth, abundancesunny days, length of daylight. However, each season there is an establishment for some time of anomalously hot weather in regions that are uncharacteristic for such temperatures. This instantly provokes talk about "global warming". Scientists argue a lot about this issue. Some draw directly threatening pictures of the future of this phenomenon. Others do not see anything terrible in this. However, until now, everyone is trying to figure out the cause of this phenomenon. There are many assumptions. But there is no single reliable and correct one. That is why it's worth simply enjoying the summer heat and the sun, the sea and flowers, the river and hot sand. Summer is passing so quickly. And too hot weather can be tolerated, it's worth it. But how many wonderful things await us at this time, nature beckons us to rest and enjoy life.
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