Industrial sanitation: health and safety of personnel

Industrial sanitation is a field of knowledge,which examines various issues related to working conditions, the influence of production factors on the efficiency and health of staff. Working conditions depend on the technology of production, the organization of the working process and the sanitary and hygienic conditions in which it passes. Occupational hygiene is based on the study of the environment and its impact on labor conditions.

The basis for healthy working conditions iscompetent organization of production. Industrial sanitation regulates such factors as noise, vibration, pollution, radiation, air purity, and microclimate. There are clearly established requirements and standards for the location of industrial buildings, as well as the presence in them of the necessary conditions, such as the provision of drinking and technical water, the availability of ventilation, lighting and heating, the arrangement of industrial premises in terms of the area necessary for a comfortable production process, and others.

Industrial sanitation is aa system of measures aimed at preventing the impact of harmful factors of production on personnel. This helps prevent various occupational diseases. Harmful factors in production just lead to a deterioration in the health of staff and, as a consequence, diseases.

Production factors in terms of severity, severity and hazard are divided into four categories:

• 1st category - optimal working conditions.
• The second category is the permissible labor conditions that can cause various physical and functional abnormalities, but after a full rest the body comes back to normal.
• 3rd category - harmful working conditionsvarious degrees. Harmful hygiene factors here exceed norms and have a negative impact on personnel, and may also have a negative impact on the offspring of workers. On the level of excess of norms the factors of the third category are subdivided by hazard and danger into four degrees.

• The 4th category includes extremely dangerous andextreme working conditions, which for a working shift or for a short period of time can lead to serious illnesses, damage to the organism of various degrees and create a threat to life. Work in such severe and extreme conditions is prohibited. Exceptions are the elimination of the consequences of various accidents and disasters and the carrying out of urgent repair work. In such conditions, labor activity must be carried out using various personal protective equipment, as well as with strict observance of rules and regimes regulated for these situations.

Industrial sanitation is a very disciplineimportant. Compliance with its norms is necessary to preserve the life and health of personnel. Proper organization of the production process can significantly reduce the level of occupational diseases.

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