Occupational safety and healtha system of requirements and activities aimed at protecting the health and lives of employees of the enterprise. It includes rehabilitation, medical, preventive, legal, organizational and technical, and socio-economic measures. One of the integral components of the system of measures is the instruction of workers on labor protection. Let us consider in detail what it includes.
In the legal literature this system is considered from the following positions:
Safety is a vaultprovisions and requirements, which is aimed at ensuring optimal working conditions. It also includes activities that help to eliminate factors that adversely affect employee health. The goal of TB is:
Familiarization of employees with normsis carried out, as a rule, during the receipt of special or professional education. There are also special editions in which instruction on labor protection is described. A sample of requirements for a particular profession in enterprises is also displayed on special stands as a visual agitation. Measures to familiarize employees with rules are classified according to the implementation time and the nature of the information. The frequency of safety briefings depends on the specialization of the enterprise, the frequency of change or replenishment of staff and other factors. The acquaintance can be:
Today, the state pays much attention toensuring proper production conditions at enterprises. In this regard, various briefings at the workplace on labor protection are provided. Legislation provides for the personal responsibility of the head of the enterprise for the formation of a proper working environment. Therefore, conducting briefings is one of the direct duties of the employer. Any familiarization of employees with the requirements acts as a form of training.
Legislation requires a certain ordertraining on labor protection. Such activities should be systematic. Instructions at the workplace for labor protection must be passed by all employees during their entire professional activity at the enterprise both individually and collectively. At the same time, familiarization and training should be in any production, regardless of the specifics of its activities. In large enterprises, briefings at the workplace on labor protection can be entrusted to a specially trained official. The head of the enterprise, appointing such an employee, signs an appropriate order.
Instructions at the workplace on labor protection, boththe above was said, provided for all employees of the enterprise. They, including, include the leaders themselves. In this case, special attention should be paid to employees who have a small (less than a year) experience. As practice shows, this particular category of the company's employees is the most vulnerable and most often is subject to industrial injuries. Due to lack of experience, novice employees ignore a number of requirements. In many cases this leads to very negative consequences. Together with this, employees who have a fairly long record of service are also subject to occupational injuries. In most cases, this is due to their careless attitude towards the rules.
The head of the enterprise is obliged for eachIn the case of occupational injuries, conduct an internal investigation. During this event, the causes of the incident must be identified, and responsible persons identified. Upon the fact of the incident, an appropriate order is issued. The executive order should be worked out with all employees. This procedure also acts as one of the training forms.
The method of conducting briefings is establishedresponsible person. As a rule, the form of the event is a lecture, an interview or an explanation. The special journal should state the fact of the training. The responsible employee also controls the implementation of the rules of TB in the enterprise.
Such briefing is provided foremployees at the time of their employment. Training in this form is also carried out for those who are sent for production or arrived for practice. Introductory briefing is conducted by a specialist (engineer) in the PB and OT or by a person who is entrusted with these duties by the order of the head.
It is recommended to usetechnical means and visual aids. Briefing should cover all issues that relate to the specifics of production in terms of safety and labor protection. Upon completion of training, the person responsible for it must make sure that the employee knows the main features of the enterprise, the sources of possible accidents, the rules of conduct for PE. Employees who have been instructed should also be familiarized with the warning signs and inscriptions, warning systems that are equipped with the enterprise, the procedure for using extinguishing agents.
Such briefings are assigned to direct managers of certain production activities. Training is staffed by:
Familiarization with the rules are also passedbuilders who are temporarily employed at the enterprise. In the primary education program, it is necessary to include the issues that are present in the health and safety regulations for this position (specialty), as well as in other regulatory acts on OT. At the end of the training, the responsible person checks the knowledge of the employee regarding the characteristics of his activity, the rules for the performance of his duties. Control can be carried out through a survey.
Such briefing includes lightingtechnological features of activities associated with increased risk. Employees involved directly in this area are trained once a quarter, the rest - every six months. Repeated briefings can be conducted collectively or individually with employees of one specialty. The purpose of these activities is improving the knowledge of staff on TB and OT. In addition, a second briefing is conducted to prevent violations of the requirements that were committed earlier, to strengthen the production discipline.
Training should relate to technologicalaspects, certain duties, radiation, fire, nuclear, chemical TB, if the production process is related to these processes. During the re-briefing, situations in which there was a violation of the production discipline, failure to comply with the norms and requirements of TB, deal with the causes of such cases. Upon completion of the training, the responsible person must ensure that the staff is well aware of the rules.
They are entrusted to direct managers of production processes. Unscheduled briefing is provided in the following cases:
Unplanned activities are carried out in a similar way to repeated ones. However, in this case, special attention should be given to the reason why they are conducted. Unscheduled activities do not exclude repeated ones.
Such briefings are held if:
The target instruction is conducted by the person determined by the order of the head as responsible for this.
Conduct any briefing should beis fixed in the corresponding journal. After introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled training, employees sign in the corresponding book. Conducting the targeted briefing is recorded in the admission orders and other documents on the instructions of the management.
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