Neuropathy of the lower extremities often occurs whenpresence of various diseases of internal organs. The main signs of it are bursting or burning pains, a sensation of crawling, a puffiness and numbness of the subcutaneous tissue and skin, difficulties in attempting to move the affected leg.
The most common to datethe reason why neuropathy of the lower limbs arises is diabetes mellitus, and, it should be noted, in a very neglected stage. It is because of this, with the gradual manifestation of symptoms and the occurrence of complaints, accompanied by a decrease in weight and a thirst, it is necessary, first of all, to study the level of glucose and, if possible, its profile in the blood and sugar in the urine. As practice shows, the neuropathy of the lower extremities is accompanied by complaints about the lesion of the nerves nervously symmetrically on both legs simultaneously.
In addition to the diabetic nature of developmentdisease, there is also a traumatic character. Neuropathy of the lower extremities in this form differs by sudden development, against the background of absolute well-being. However, the patient is able to remember exactly the cause of all the symptoms. Traumatic neuropathy develops as a result of gradual compression of the nerve trunk with the emerging and developing edema of the tissues surrounding it. The cause of the disease can also be trauma to the areas of the nerve fiber located directly under the skin near the bones. In this case, neuropathy (neuropathy) occurs in a very short period after traumatic effects. This type of disease affects, as a rule, only one limb.
The third, very likely causelesions - benign (malignant) neoplasms. They spread throughout the entire nerve trunk, from the exit site of the rootlets constituting the pillar, to the lower part of the leg from the spinal cord. The disease also develops against the background of the patient's absolute well-being. In this case, in the absence of probable signs and manifestations of diabetes mellitus and possible trauma, it is necessary to perform a survey aimed at detecting tumor diseases in the pelvic organs.
Peripheral neuropathy (neuropathy)characterized by several states that have one common feature, which is expressed in the defeat in the distal processes of the nerve endings. This condition does not have a separate diagnosis (the exception is the condition considered as a complication in diabetes mellitus). When the appearance and development of signs of defeat, specialists diagnose the cause that caused it.
To the causes of the emergence and developmentperipheral lesions include diabetes mellitus, other metabolic and endocrine disorders that have arisen, various infectious lesions (herpes, diphtheria, malaria, scarlet fever, tuberculosis, HIV, influenza, etc.). Great importance in the diagnosis is given to alcohol intoxication and drugs, trauma, tumors, vascular diseases, connective tissue damage.
With lesions of various types can occuras incomplete death of the axon, accompanied by the destruction of the myelin sheath, or there is a deterioration in the conductivity of signals due to processes of a degenerative-dystrophic nature in the nerve processes.
The defeat of nerve endings can be observed notonly in the lower limbs, but also in the upper limbs. For such conditions is characterized by the presence of pain and paresthesia (numbness, goose bumps) in the fourth and fifth fingers. Neuropathy of the ulnar nerve can be caused by trauma or compression in the area of the wrist or elbow joint. At palpation and percussion the patient complains of painful sensations in a place of compression.
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