Education and culture in the 17th century roughlyprogressed. This was influenced by the growth of cities, the development of trade and crafts. Moreover, Russia's cultural and political relations with Belarus and Ukraine intensified. And also there was an expansion of relations with the countries of Western and Central Europe, from there more and more culture and scientific knowledge began to penetrate.
In cities, they began to build two- and three-story buildings, often built stone houses. A characteristic feature of the construction was a rich decorative finish.
Education and culture in the 17th century in Russia, althoughdeveloped with unprecedented speed, but most people remained illiterate, although there were more literate people among the townspeople. In Moscow, printed letters that were in good demand. A lot of books have been translated into Russian. Some people began to collect and store books.
It was not enough just to study literacy,arithmetic and writing. State and economic activities became more complicated, a need arose for educated people who have knowledge in various fields. But education and culture in the 17th century met stubborn resistance from the boyar nobles and clergy, who were conservative. Meanwhile, in Moscow, there were more and more private schools. And in 1687 in Russia the first higher educational institution was the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy.
Since 1621, for the tsar and his entourage were releasedhandwritten newspaper "Kuranty", which described the latest developments that occurred in other countries. Books in which secular knowledge was communicated were not available to everyone.
Knowledge in medicine was based on the experience of treatment. Although distributed "herbalists" (a description of the medicinal properties of plants) and translated textbooks.
In 1678, the history of the Russian state was printed, the narration in "Synopsis" begins from ancient times and up to the seventies of the 17th century.
Geographical knowledge, as well as education andculture in the 17th century, have steadily evolved. Russian explorers, such as Semyon Dezhnev (who completed an expedition to the strait between North America and Asia in 1648), E. Khabarov (compiled a map of lands along the Amur River in 1649, later Russian settlements were formed there), V. Atlasov (conducted a survey of the Kuril Islands islands and Kamchatka), made a huge contribution to the expansion of geography. Based on all this knowledge, maps of the Russian state, Ukraine and Siberia were developed.
Education and culture in the 17th century in Russiacaused the emergence of new genres in literature. They began to write not only about the rich, but about ordinary people. A satyr appeared, the objects of which were the church and gentlemen. In this century, there was poetry and drama. Simeon Polotsky was their founder, since he was the author of plays at the court of Alexei Mikhailovich.
At this time for the first time recorded proverbs, folk songs, sayings. Folklore has penetrated into all areas of culture. Widespread distribution of Western literature, translated into our language.
Monumental temples began to replace smallposadskie churches, which struck with the game of volumes and colors, elegant, lively, covered with many patterns. Under the influence of Belarus and Ukraine in the last decades of the 17th century, the style of the Moscow baroque spread in architecture. His main idea was proportionality of the whole composition and lush decorative decoration. Great attention was paid to the creation of belfries and tiers. Drawing a conclusion, it can be said that the education and culture of the 17th century also affected the appearance of cities, making them even more beautiful.
Education and culture in the 17th century contributed todevelopment of painting. Artists began to show their attention to the human personality. Although the iconography has reached unprecedented hitherto mastery, there was a portrait painting. Its founder is Simon Ushakov.
The Armory became the center of the visualart, she was in the Moscow Kremlin. It was worked by both Russian and foreign artists. In their work they tried to achieve great similarity with nature. In the 70s, the Titular was created - this collection of portraits of the rulers, beginning from Rurik and ending with Peter Alekseevich, there were portraits of foreign patriarchs, kings, depicting also the coats of arms of different countries.
Changes began in Russia, changededucation and culture in the 17th century. The 7th grade of the school is the time when this layer of our history is being studied, which has become a turning point for Russian culture. Frequent popular movements, wars, events of the Time of Troubles made it clear to the people that they are capable of participating in their destiny. My understanding has changed, my horizons have widened. There was a movement forward in all areas, there was a need for training and training of qualified personnel.
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